A fan is used to circulate air (or moves air) in a confined area which gives feeling of cooling. It works on the principle of Induction motor.  A single phase motor is not a self -starting method hence some special arrangement is required in order to make the motor to start & run. Split phase method single phase motor is used in ceiling fan where capacitor is used for starting & running the motor.

It consists of two windings which are placed 90⁰ electrical apart on the stator of the motor. The main winding is connected directly across the line & the starting winding is connected to the line through a static capacitor of suitable value. The function of capacitor is to provide phase shift (as capacitor in aux winding leads the current in aux winding) with respect to main winding) when single phase ac supply is applied to the motor, two emfs at 90⁰ displaced in time phase are produced in two windings which causes a rotating magnetic field is produced. A capacitor produces high starting torque in the motor.

In ceiling fan motors where motor starts under zero load & low torque is required to operate the motor, a capacitor is permanently connected in series with auxiliary winding for both starting & running purpose. Therefore, we can say that a permanent capacitor motor is used in ceiling fan motor. That is why when capacitor getsburst, motor doesn’t work as required torque is not produced.

DESIGN, CFM, WATTAGE–

• According to length of fan, ceiling fans areavalablein various sweeps such as 24”, 36”, 42”, 48” & 56” (this is the total diameter of the fan including blades).
• Fans move air when they are switched on & air circulation is measured in CFM (cubic feet per minute) so more CFM means more length of fan.
• A ceiling fan generally produces 120-260 Cum/M or 4237-9181CFM.
• Power consumption is directly proportional to CFM it means more power consumption on more CFM production.
• There is a relation between CFM & Watt (power consumption) which is called Airflow Efficiency i.e CFM/watt.
• Airflow efficiency – 51-150CFM per watt with respect to range of fans from 24”…..56”.
• Ceiling fans are available in 3 blades, 4 blades & 5 blades. As the number of blade increases, the sound level decreases but air circulation decreases however there is no significant increase in air circulation.

(Note– Above parameters are values approximate like CFM, wattage consumption, Air flow varies form company to company & different design.)

STAR RATING OF FANS –

Ceiling fans are available in Energy Star Rating, therefore star rated ceiling fans should be bought. Efficiency of the fan increases with increase in star rating, hence 5 star rating fan is more efficient than other low star rating fans.  5 star rating is the highest star rating. Star rating is directly related with wattage consumption of the fan. Highest rating fan will consume less wattage (or power).

 

PSPO –

PSPO stands for “Peak Speed Performance Output”. PSPO makes it possible to deliver more air over the larger area at the lesser electricity cost. PSPO is the latest air advance technology which improves aerodynamic, principle of electro-mechanics & theory of air displacement. This is achieved through –

1. Auto speed retention,
2. Double twist angle blades,
3. Maxi torque motors,
4. Ribbed blade design.

SELECTION OF CEILING FAN –

Selection of ceiling depends on the area which is to be cooled. A reference room size & fan size is give below –

AREA OF ROOM (in Sqft)	Fan Size
Up to 75 sqft	24 – 36”
75 to 150 sqft	36”-42”
150 to 225 sqft	42”– 48”
225 to 400 sqft	48”– 54”

TYPES OF CEILING FAN

These days ceiling fans are available in different varieties. Lot of innovation has been done in ceiling fan technology & design in past some years. Following are the types of ceiling fans available in market –

According to size of fan –

Fans are available in following sizes –

• 600mm,
• 900mm,
• 1200mm,
• 1400mm,

According to number of blades –

Fans are available in following no. of blades –

• 3
• 4
• 5 & more

According to mode of design & operation –

Fans are available in following modes –

• Fan with conventional starter – These are just normal fans which are being used for last many years. The speed of such fans is controlled through conventional regulator. A conventional regulator consists of a variable resistance which provides different voltage drop (according to speed) to a fan, when power supply is given to fan. Fan runs at full speed when full resistance is there in the circuit. When we change/reduce the speed from 5 to 4 & so on, the resistance value increases & speed of the fan decreases at every stage of fan. The resistance in the regulator makes conventional regulator inefficient as energy consumption is same at full speed & slow speed due to energy waste by resistance. This type of speed control, produce heat inside the regulator which is dissipated.

         Fan with electronic starter –These days electronic regulators are available in market to                   control the speed of fan in whihc energy loss is not there to electronic control system.

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• Fan with remote control – These days fans are coming with remote to control the operation of fans. A remote may perform various functions depending on the type of fans such as change speed of fan, switch on /off fan, some remotes work as dimmer in case fan is with inbuilt light etc, some come with timer to control fan’s operation.

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• Fan with inbuilt LED light – These types of fans are having LED lights installed with fan. These fans are coming with remote control which not only facilitates the operation of fan but also operation of LED light such as switch on/switch off and change the colour of light as inbuilt LED lights are available in six different colours. The colour of the light can be set as per ambience of the room.

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• Designer/fancy fans– These designer/fancy are suitable for entrances/halls where fans are available with decorative lampshades which is fixed at the bottom of the center circular portion of the fan wherein light & fan speed can be controlled with the help of Pull Cord. These fans come with good design & available in different colour which gives royal look.

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• Silent fans – These fans are manufactured keeping in mind its specially crafted aerodynamics blades which enables uniform air distribution across the room to keep it airy & fresh. Also, the blades silent operation feature attracts the user. These fans are having aerodynamics blades with good air circulation which makes it a relaxing experience for the user. These are available in different colours but these fans are slightly expensive. These fans require minimum maintenance due to dust & mark resistant coating on it. Also this special coating makes this fan hygienic as normally fan blades collect allergy-causing dirt & dust.

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